Security Assistance Management Manual (SAMM), E-Change 461
Targeting Infrastructure Policy

1. Revise Paragraph C4.3.2. to read as follows:

C4.3.2. Total Package Approach (TPA). A TPA ensures that FMS purchasers can obtain support articles and services, to include construction of necessary support facilities, required to introduce and sustain equipment and to operate in a responsible and effective manner consistent with U.S. intent in approving the transfer. The complete sustainability package must be offered to the purchaser when preparing Price and Availability (P&A) data or LOAs. In addition to the system itself, other items to consider in a total package include: training, technical assistance, initial support, software, ammunition, follow-on support, etc.

2. Revise Paragraph C4.4.18. with the following text including Table C4.T6. to read:

C4.4.18. Air-to-Surface and Indirect Fire Surface-to-Surface Munitions and their Delivery Systems. The Total Package Approach to air-to-surface (A/S) and/or indirect fire surface-to-surface (S/S) munitions and their delivery systems must account for targeting capabilities that enable the responsible and effective employment of such munitions. A U.S. targeting solution will be required unless the IA has determined that the country has a sufficient previously-established U.S., indigenous, or third party solution for targeting infrastructure, as applicable under Table C4.T6. Air Force Life Cycle Management Center (AFLCMC) will be the default program office for targeting solutions, regardless of the lead IA for the requested munition(s) or delivery platform. In international competitions involving more than one U.S. bidder, DSCA will assume an active role in providing guidance to the IAs to ensure a common targeting solution is offered across platforms, where applicable.

C4.4.18.1. The IA must follow the process in this section for all LORs for LOA, Pre-LOR Assessment Requests (PARs), and P&A responses that include LOA-quality data in response to a competition. For other partner requests, the IA should determine whether to conduct the full process in this section, based on factors including the likelihood of the request resulting in a sale and the need to manage partner expectations regarding targeting costs associated with a future case. In instances in which the IA chooses not to follow the process in the section, responses should note, at a minimum, that the case may require additional advanced target development capability, including a target coordinate mensuration (TCM) [if munition is coordinate-seeking], weaponeering, and collateral damage estimation (CDE) capability.

C4.4.18.2. Within 14 calendar days of receipt of a valid Request for Information (RFI), PAR, or LOR for P&A or LOA that includes A/S or indirect fire S/S munitions or their delivery platforms, the lead IA will submit an LOR Advisory (Figure C5.F1b. Air-to-Surface or Indirect Fire Surface-to-Surface Munitions and their Delivery Systems LOR Advisory Format) to DSCA Weapons via NIPR email (dsca.ncr.str.list.str-wpn-all-members@mail.mil). The IA need not submit an LOR advisory for a transfer of munitions that have already undergone steps 1 through 14 of this process. Because CDE and weaponeering requirements vary by munition, country requests must go through this process for each munition. If any of this information is not available within 14 calendar days of receipt of the LOR, the IA may proceed with the Advisory without it. If DSCA disagrees with an IA recommendation that a U.S. targeting solution is not required, DSCA will inform the IA no later than 14 calendar days after receipt of the Advisory and facilitate an interagency decision, with the IA, GCC, and State Department, on the targeting infrastructure requirements.

C4.4.18.3. A targeting solution must account for software, data, training, and applicable publications, in line with Table C4.T6. DoD will build a targeting solution into transfers that require it, regardless of whether a targeting requirement is identified in the LOR. However, if DoD personnel participate in a LOR generation discussion with a partner for an A/S or indirect fire S/S munition or delivery system, they will recommend the inclusion, at a minimum, of the following standard language:

Targeting subject matter experts (SME) will generally not be required in pre-LOR discussions.

C4.4.18.4. Advanced target development capabilities include TCM, weaponeering, and CDE. Targeting infrastructure is the software, data, and training necessary to conduct TCM, weaponeering, and CDE. TCM, weaponeering, and CDE improve mission effectiveness and help partners fulfill their obligations under the law of armed conflict. TCM (often referred to as Precision Point Mensuration or PPM) provides the ability to generate geographic points at the level of precision and accuracy necessary for the effective use of a coordinate-seeking weapon. TCM refers to the measurement of a feature or location to determine an absolute latitude, longitude, and elevation of a target. Weaponeering provides the ability to predict the type and the quantity of a particular type of weapon required to achieve a specific level of target damage by considering the effects of target vulnerability, warhead damage mechanisms, delivery errors, damage criteria, and weapon reliability. Without accurate weaponeering analysis, forces risk mission failure (not causing the desired effect on the target) or unnecessary collateral damage. Accurate weaponeering results in efficient target-weapon pairing, optimizing the number of weapons required to provide the desired effect on a target. CDE provides the ability to estimate the potential for collateral damage resulting from target engagement. Without CDE, forces risk unforeseen or unnecessary collateral damage.

Table C4.T6. Targeting Infrastructure Requirements by Munition Type 

C4.4.18.5. The Implementing Agencies (IAs) shall develop weapon-specific checklists for every A/S or S/S indirect fire munition or category of munitions that account, at a minimum, for the requirements in Table C4.T6. While IAs may tailor targeting solutions as necessary based on the needs and existing capabilities of the partner, the presumptive, default total package for transfers of qualifying munitions or their delivery systems shall consist of the following:

C4.4.18.6. The above default may not be appropriate for unguided indirect fire surface-to-surface munitions. Where the default is not appropriate for a particular system, the IA will incorporate an alternate default into its system-specific checklist.

C4.4.18.7. Full interoperability for the purposes of this policy includes any of the below:

C4.4.18.8. If the partner has the ability to conduct some but not all aspects of targeting required under Table C4.T6., the IA may determine that a partial U.S targeting solution is required.

C4.4.18.9. If at any time in the process it becomes clear that the Purchaser is unwilling to accept, or the IA is unable to offer, the targeting infrastructure required for responsible and effective employment of the munition, the lead IA will submit a Targeting Infrastructure Deficiency Advisory to DSCA Weapons. To best inform policy decision-makers, the advisory shall, at a minimum, identify the targeting deficiency, the cause of the deficiency, risks of delivering the munition or platform without the targeting infrastructure, and any rationale for otherwise offering the munition or platform despite the deficiency (e.g., partner plans to employ weapon only in coalition operations, partner tactics support alternative employment method, etc.). DSCA will provide a DoD-coordinated risk assessment to State/PM. DSCA, with the concurrence of State/PM, will provide guidance to the IA on how to proceed.

3. Revise Table C5.T1h as follows:

Table C5.T1h. Additional CTA Elements for Air-to-Surface and Indirect Fire Surface-to-Surface Munitions and their Delivery Systems 

4. Revise the final line of Table C5.T4. to:

5. Add a new Figure C5.F1b.:

Figure C5.F1b. Air-to-Surface or Indirect Fire Surface-to-Surface Munitions and their Delivery Systems Letter of Request (LOR) Advisory Format 

6. Add a new Standard Note to Appendix 6:

Precision Guided Munitions with Target Coordinate Mensuration (TCM) Capability